The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is facing a growing dementia crisis, with cases projected to increase by 367% by 2050—the highest expected rise globally. Despite this alarming trend, research remains fragmented, and healthcare systems are ill-prepared to handle the escalating burden, according to a comprehensive review published in npj recently.
Key Findings:
- Rising Prevalence: Dementia prevalence in MENA varies by age, affecting 1.1–2.3% of those aged 50+ and 13.5–18.5% of those over 80. Alzheimer’s disease alone increased by 3% between 1990 and 2019.
- Economic Impact: Annual dementia-related costs average $12 billion across MENA, with Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE bearing the highest financial burdens. By 2050, costs could skyrocket to $557.9 billion.
- Risk Factors: Hypertension, diabetes, obesity, physical inactivity, and smoking are major contributors. For example, 49.2% of adults and 74.4% of youth in MENA are physically inactive, exacerbating dementia risk.
- Healthcare Challenges: The region lacks standardized diagnostic tools, specialized training for healthcare workers, and public awareness. Cultural stigma often delays diagnosis, with many viewing dementia as a normal part of aging.
- Unique Vulnerabilities: Conflict, political instability, and climate change further strain dementia care. Countries like Yemen, Syria, and Sudan face severe healthcare disruptions, leaving older adults disproportionately affected.
Call to Action:
The review underscores the urgent need for:
- Large-scale epidemiological studies.
- Culturally adapted interventions and policy reforms.
- Investment in healthcare infrastructure and caregiver support.
Without immediate action, the MENA region risks being overwhelmed by a crisis that could destabilize families, economies, and healthcare systems.
Reference Source: Mowafi, S., Moustafa, S. A., Wahdan, M., Heikai, S., Othman, M., & Salama, M. (2025). Dementia in the MENA region: Uncharted challenges and emerging insights—A literature review. npj Dementia, 1(5). https://doi.org/10.1038/s44400-025-00009-z
